Brill’s New Pauly
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Kapetis
(56 words)
[German version] (καπέτις;
kapétis). Persian measure of volume for dry goods; it corresponds to 1/48 of an artabe, therefore to 1 Attic
choinix and
c. 1.1 l [1. 479-482]. Xenophon also mentions a καπίθη/
kapíthē, which corresponded to 2 Attic
choinikes (Xen. An. 1,5,6). Schulzki, Heinz-Joachim (Mannheim) Bibliography
1 F. Hultsch, Griech. und röm. Metrologie, 21882.
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Xestes
(129 words)
[German version] (ξέστης/
xéstēs). From the turn from the 3rd cent. BC to the 2nd onwards, the term
xestes is recorded as a Greek term for the Roman
sextarius , a fluid and dry measure of capacity (=
c. 0.546 l) corresponding to 1/48 of an
amphora [2], 1/6 of a
congius or 2
heminae , 4
quartarii and 12
cyathi . In late Antiquity Egypt, 72
xestai/
sextarii corresponded to an
artábē, which was subdivided into 48
choínikes. Hence a
choínix can be equated with 11/2
xestai/
sextarii. Sextarius (with table) Schulzki, Heinz-Joachim (Mannheim) Bibliography
1 H. Chantraine, s. v. X., RE 9 A, 210…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Hin
(129 words)
[German version] Egyptian hollow measure for fluids and dry materials of 1/10
ḥqt (
hekat) in the Old Kingdom or 1/40
jpt (
oipe) in the New Kingdom, corresponding to
c. 0.48 l [3. 1201], with minimal differences upwards [1. 1644] and downwards [2. 1152]. The hin is the only remaining unit from the Demotic period, corroborated by extant measuring vessels. Its relations to the artabe and choinix are contentious [3. 1210]. Measuring vessels based on the hin have also been handed down from the New Kingdom:
mḥt = 1 hin,
pg = 1/4 hin,
mnḏqt = 50 hin, which seem, however, not to have h…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Measure of volume
(1,573 words)
[German version] I. Ancient Orient Measures of volume were used to measure liquids and especially grain and other bulk solids (dates, etc.). Therefore, they were employed in the administration of grain, including the issuing of rations. According to cuneiform sources, ordinary measuring vessels (especially the
sea) were made of wood. Special measures for liquids can only be identified locally with a standard ‘vessel’ usually containing 20 or 30 litres. Despite all temporal and local differences, a relatively constant absolute size of the small unit (Sumerian sìla, Akkadian
qû = c.…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly